实义动词词义完整，能独立作谓语，可分成：及物动词（transitive verb）和不及物动词（intransitive verb）。
1．及物动词要求有宾语
　　①Mr．Smith gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday．史密斯先生给了他的妻子20英镑过生日。 　　②He asked the teacher a few questions．他向老师问了几个问题。 　　③We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。 　　④Children and young people like bright colors．孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色。
2．不及物动词不要求有宾语
　　① Most shops in Britain open at 9:00 A．m. and close at 5:00 or 5:30 in the evening .英国大部分商店九点开门，晚五点或五点半关门。 　　②George's father lives there．乔治的爸爸住在那里。 　　③Let's go home．我们回家吧。 　　④The examination ended at 11:30 A．m．考试上午十一点半结束。
3．特殊实义动词
　　英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词，如 　　close， begin， study， leave， work等。 　　①The post office closes at 9:00 p. m．邮局晚上9点关门。 　　②Close the window, please．请关窗。 　　③Shall we begin now?我们现在开始吗？ 　　④ Bill began working as a sailor after he left school．比尔毕业后当水手。 　　⑤They left yesterday．他们昨天离开的。 　　⑥When did you leave Washington?你什么时候离开华盛顿的？ 　　⑦The students study hard.这些学生学习努力。 　　⑧The students study English and German．这些学生学习英语和德语。 　　⑨He works in a supermarket.他在一家超市工作。 　　⑩He works the machine on Mondays.他星期一操作这台机器。 　　3。实义动词，也叫行为动词。就我们现在所学的内容来讲，实义动词所在的句子中一般不存在be动词。也就是在含有实义动词的句子变否定句或疑问句时，一定不能用be动词。那么，实义动词究竟怎样用呢？正如be动词随着主语的变化可变为am、is、are一样，实义动词在肯定句中，也要随着主语的变化而变化。当主语为第三人称单数he,she, it时，实义动词要变为相应的第三人称单数；当主语为非第三人称单数I, you(你), we,you(你们) they时，实义动词要用动词的原形。而在变否定句和疑问句时，不能直接在动词上变，而是要借助另一类动词：助动词do、does。 　　（1）肯定句： 　　① I have a blue book. 　　② He has a brother. 　　③ She wants to be a teacher. 　　④ They like to play basketball. 　　(2)否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形。其中do/does为助动词，是来帮助实义动词构成否定或疑问句的，但加了do/does后，其后面的动词必须用动词原形。 　　① I have a blue book.（变为否定句）→I don’t have a blue book. 　　② He has a brother. （变为否定句）→He doesn’t have brother. 　　③ She wants to be a teacher. （变为否定句）→She doesn’t want to be a teacher. 　　④ They like to play basketball. （变为否定句）→They don’t like to play basketball. 　　(3)一般疑问句：Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他？句中加了do/does后，其后面的动词还是必须用动词原形。 　　① I have a blue book.(变为一般疑问句)→Do you have a blue book? 　　② He has a brother. (变为一般疑问句)→Does he have a brother? 　　③ My brother does his homework before supper. (变为一般疑问句)→Does your brother do his homework before supper? 　　④ She wants to be a teacher. (变为一般疑问句)→Does she want to be a teacher?　 　　⑤ They like to play basketball. (变为一般疑问句)→Do they like to play basketball? 　　(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 　　① Your sister likes English best because it’s interesting. (对加粗部分提问) 　　→Why does your sister like English best? 　　② He does his homework before supper. (对加粗部分提问)→When does he do his homework? 　　注意：当含有and引导的短语在句中做谓语或宾语，我们把这类句子变否定句时，必须把and变为or.如： 　　(1)He can swim and dance. （变为否定句）→He can’t wim or dance. 　　(2)My father likes English and math. （变为否定句）　→My father doesn’t like English or math. 　　（5） but和except后。but前是实义动词do时，后面出现的不定式不带to。 　　例如：He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。 　　比较：He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 除了吃这药，他什么都信。

实义动词词义完整，能独立作谓语，可分成：及物动词（transitive verb）和不及物动词（intransitive verb）。
1．及物动词要求有宾语
　　①Mr．Smith gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday．史密斯先生给了他的妻子20英镑过生日。 　　②He asked the teacher a few questions．他向老师问了几个问题。 　　③We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。 　　④Children and young people like bright colors．孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色。
2．不及物动词不要求有宾语
　　① Most shops in Britain open at 9:00 A．m. and close at 5:00 or 5:30 in the evening .英国大部分商店九点开门，晚五点或五点半关门。 　　②George's father lives there．乔治的爸爸住在那里。 　　③Let's go home．我们回家吧。 　　④The examination ended at 11:30 A．m．考试上午十一点半结束。
3．特殊实义动词
　　英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词，如 　　close， begin， study， leave， work等。 　　①The post office closes at 9:00 p. m．邮局晚上9点关门。 　　②Close the window, please．请关窗。 　　③Shall we begin now?我们现在开始吗？ 　　④ Bill began working as a sailor after he left school．比尔毕业后当水手。 　　⑤They left yesterday．他们昨天离开的。 　　⑥When did you leave Washington?你什么时候离开华盛顿的？ 　　⑦The students study hard.这些学生学习努力。 　　⑧The students study English and German．这些学生学习英语和德语。 　　⑨He works in a supermarket.他在一家超市工作。 　　⑩He works the machine on Mondays.他星期一操作这台机器。 　　3。实义动词，也叫行为动词。就我们现在所学的内容来讲，实义动词所在的句子中一般不存在be动词。也就是在含有实义动词的句子变否定句或疑问句时，一定不能用be动词。那么，实义动词究竟怎样用呢？正如be动词随着主语的变化可变为am、is、are一样，实义动词在肯定句中，也要随着主语的变化而变化。当主语为第三人称单数he,she, it时，实义动词要变为相应的第三人称单数；当主语为非第三人称单数I, you(你), we,you(你们) they时，实义动词要用动词的原形。而在变否定句和疑问句时，不能直接在动词上变，而是要借助另一类动词：助动词do、does。 　　（1）肯定句： 　　① I have a blue book. 　　② He has a brother. 　　③ She wants to be a teacher. 　　④ They like to play basketball. 　　(2)否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形。其中do/does为助动词，是来帮助实义动词构成否定或疑问句的，但加了do/does后，其后面的动词必须用动词原形。 　　① I have a blue book.（变为否定句）→I don’t have a blue book. 　　② He has a brother. （变为否定句）→He doesn’t have brother. 　　③ She wants to be a teacher. （变为否定句）→She doesn’t want to be a teacher. 　　④ They like to play basketball. （变为否定句）→They don’t like to play basketball. 　　(3)一般疑问句：Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他？句中加了do/does后，其后面的动词还是必须用动词原形。 　　① I have a blue book.(变为一般疑问句)→Do you have a blue book? 　　② He has a brother. (变为一般疑问句)→Does he have a brother? 　　③ My brother does his homework before supper. (变为一般疑问句)→Does your brother do his homework before supper? 　　④ She wants to be a teacher. (变为一般疑问句)→Does she want to be a teacher?　 　　⑤ They like to play basketball. (变为一般疑问句)→Do they like to play basketball? 　　(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 　　① Your sister likes English best because it’s interesting. (对加粗部分提问) 　　→Why does your sister like English best? 　　② He does his homework before supper. (对加粗部分提问)→When does he do his homework? 　　注意：当含有and引导的短语在句中做谓语或宾语，我们把这类句子变否定句时，必须把and变为or.如： 　　(1)He can swim and dance. （变为否定句）→He can’t wim or dance. 　　(2)My father likes English and math. （变为否定句）　→My father doesn’t like English or math. 　　（5） but和except后。but前是实义动词do时，后面出现的不定式不带to。 　　例如：He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。 　　比较：He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 除了吃这药，他什么都信。